Improving ICTs (Mobile Phone and Internet) for Environmental Sustainability in the Western Balkan Countries

The aim of this paper is to replicate an existing study using the Generalized Method Moments on impact ICT penetration (Mobile Phone and Internet) in Western Balkan countries environmental sustainability through changing CO2 emissions for period 2000–2015. A two-step system GMM method used handle both endogeneity independent persistency dependent variables. Two important findings are derived: First, we find that mobile phones have a positive impact, whereas Internet has but insignificant per capita noninteractive models. ICTs as far emission from liquid fuel consumption concerned specifications. Based finding, suggest policymakers follow interdisciplinary policies strategies considering such mitigate emissions. Second, interactive models, all marginal effects negative, one specification statistically significant. We argue increasing negative net effect consumption. By calculating policy threshold effect, discuss practical implications making Kosovo where average below threshold.